SW indicator guide · STUDENT WYCKOFF DeMark

01

Meet your workspace

STUDENT WYCKOFF is a workspace for focused market study. A large bar chart stays in the centre, appearance controls sit on the left and analysis tools on the right. Pale bars and fine lines in the midnight-blue theme separate prices from annotations. Hide either panel to give the chart more room.

Reading the illustration

1 — appearance on the left; 2 — desk selection and saving above the chart; 3 — tools on the right.

A practical reading sequence

Above the chart, choose a symbol, Day, Week or Month and a history window, then press Load. One bar represents one chosen interval: a day, week or month. Nine daily bars and nine weekly bars therefore cover different lengths of time. The platform uses a loaded snapshot of completed bars; load the symbol again to refresh its history.

1 · Settings on the platform

The left panel controls the theme, text size, space after the last bar and heights of the chart and lower panels. Choose a monitor layout or adjust sizes yourself. The default right margin is 20 bars, leaving room between the latest move and the price scale. Drag the panel edges or the divider between two charts to change their widths.

3 · What it shows

The right panel has a separate collapsible block for each tool. Enable only what you need: plain price bars, annotations or volume alone. Up to five separate line panels can appear below price. Collapsing the settings menu does not switch off an active tool; untick its checkbox to do that.

2 · A practical reading sequence

Save a desk with the button above the chart. It keeps the symbol, interval, enabled tools and viewing window. Appearance is shared across desks: moving from Apple to Microsoft should keep your theme and monitor sizing. Trial access includes one desk; the standard paid subscription includes five. Two charts let you compare intervals or instruments side by side.

02

Marks on the price chart

SW Sequential

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SW Sequential helps assess how mature a price move is. Instead of guessing that a rise has lasted too long, it checks the history step by step and marks completed stages. The first stage ends at 9 and the second at 13. It helps watch for possible weakening of the current move; it does not schedule inevitable reversals.

Reading the illustration

1 — a 9 below the decline completes a first-stage sequence. 2 — a 13 above the rise completes a second stage. This example has no P, Risk or other indicators.

9

9: the first stage is complete. The usual version checks nine consecutive closing prices against the close four bars earlier. Downward-move marks appear below price and upward-move marks above it. A 9 says this sequence has occurred; price may pause, pull back slightly or continue. The next qualifying number need not appear on the next bar.

13

13: the second stage is complete. After a qualifying 9, only bars that pass the next checks are counted, so gaps are possible. It is not the thirteenth day after 9. The selected presets include completion checks, deferrals and cancellation rules. A displayed 13 means publication conditions were met, but price can still continue its previous move.

P · 9-13-9 · Risk

Additional marks. P denotes an extra first-stage completion check. 9-13-9 records a new qualifying 9 linked to an already completed 13. The Risk line gives a price reference for assessing the expected response; a breach calls for a fresh assessment. These elements can be enabled separately. The clean illustration shows only 9 and 13.

How to read it

The regular second-stage check compares the close with the low two bars earlier during a decline, or the high during a rise. P checks whether a concluding bar reaches the extremes of the sixth and seventh bars of the first sequence; it can be confirmed later. Additional conditions depend on the preset. Full counts show progression, while histograms display the stages in separate lower tracks.

Settings on the platform

The calculation preset selects the rules; the display preset selects visible marks. These are different settings. For an introduction, keep DEMARK 1997 and Only 9 and 13. Full counts and two lower stage histograms are available for closer study. The accelerated version is calculated separately; it is not identical to the regular 13. Zoom does not change the calculation preset.

A practical reading sequence

First identify the move that led to the mark: rising or falling. Then compare price behaviour after 9 and after 13: are new extremes still forming, is there a pause, does direction change? If useful, compare the same symbol on weekly and daily charts. Marks on different intervals add context but do not replace checking price itself.

What to keep in mind

A completed count is a reason to examine the area more closely, not a ready-made buy or sell instruction. Strong moves can continue after completion. Consider price response, the chosen interval and your predefined acceptable risk together.

03

Marks on the price chart

SW Combo

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SW Combo studies possible exhaustion using the same two-stage approach as Sequential, but different second-stage rules. It examines relationships between current prices and previous counted bars, rather than one closing-price comparison alone. Combo 13 and Sequential 13 can therefore appear on different dates. Comparing them is useful because they are independent calculations, not identical marks in two colours.

Reading the illustration

1 — C 9 completes Combo’s first sequence. 2 — C 13 completes its second stage. The turquoise marks belong to Combo alone; no other indicators are shown.

9 · 13

How the count forms. A 9 describes the initial sequence. Once it is complete, Combo checks qualifying bars from that sequence’s first bar, so part of the second count may already have accumulated. It then adds only bars meeting the conditions. Checks link the close, price extremes and progress relative to the previous counted number. Gaps between numbers are normal because not every bar qualifies.

Combo I · Combo II

Combo I and Combo II. Version I keeps the checks for all thirteen numbers. Version II applies the full checks to the first ten and a simpler price-progress requirement to the final three. This is a rule difference, not a fast display mode. Other presets alter the last check or add confirmations after 13. Choose a version you understand and compare it consistently.

How to read it

Colour and labels. In the midnight-blue theme Combo uses turquoise, distinguishing it from Sequential’s pale marks. C identifies Combo numbers. Marks below price belong to a decline and marks above price to a rise. 9-13-9 remains a separate indication of a new qualifying sequence after 13. P and Risk can be enabled, and Combo histograms show stage progression.

Settings on the platform

Open SW Combo on the right, enable it and choose one of seven presets. Only 9 and 13 keeps the main completions; Full count shows development. Histograms, P and Risk are separate options. Changing colour changes appearance, while changing the preset changes rules. Combo settings are saved in the desk independently of Sequential.

A practical reading sequence

How to compare. First view Combo alone with other annotations switched off. Then add Sequential on the same symbol and interval: compare the dates of 13, their separation and subsequent price action. An earlier reading in one method does not make the other wrong. If price passes through without a clear reaction, that is also an observation; do not expect a reversal on every following bar.

What to keep in mind

A completed count is a reason to examine the area more closely, not a ready-made buy or sell instruction. Strong moves can continue after completion. Consider price response, the chosen interval and your predefined acceptable risk together.

04

Marks on the price chart

SW D-Wave

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SW D-Wave divides price movement into successive rises and falls under predefined rules. It reveals the structure of a section: where it began, how it developed and where opposing moves appeared. It is not unrestricted manual wave labelling or a promise that every chart must end the same way. The website offers exactly two versions: Perl and DeMark.

Reading the illustration

One completed downward DeMark sequence on AAL is highlighted. 1 — its first main move; 2 — its fifth. A, B and C follow 5, and the dashed line is the calculated price reference.

0 · 1–5 · A–B–C

Numbers and letters. 0 is the starting point, 1–5 the sequence of main moves and retracements, and A–B–C the following opposing part. Main moves rise in an upward sequence; a downward sequence is read in reverse. A number describes a position in the structure, not the strength of a trading signal. An absent next number means its conditions have not yet been met.

? · +

Provisional and confirmed points. ? marks a point still developing; it may move as price continues. + marks the bar on which the required check was met, which can be later than the high or low itself. Under the adopted rules, certain points 2 and 5 may also move as a sequence develops. A label beside an old price therefore does not mean it was already known on that date.

5 · ✓

Price references. Once the required points exist, the tool calculates a level for the fifth move. A horizontal dashed line and price label display it; a reached level remains with ✓. It is a calculated reference to compare with later prices, not a guaranteed price or deadline. If it falls outside the chart, restore automatic price fitting or widen the visible range.

Perl · DeMark

The two presets read prices differently: Perl uses closes, DeMark uses bar highs and lows. Their comparison lengths also differ, so wave placement may differ. On the right, choose both directions or one, hide ? and +, and enable connecting lines or price references. The D prefix is optional; the numbers remain.

A practical reading sequence

Read one sequence from 0 to its latest known point. Identify its direction, the returns at 2 and 4 and how later extremes differ. Then check ? and confirmation dates when studying its development over time. Opposing sequences may coexist: a short downward part need not cancel a longer upward movement.

05

Marks on the price chart

SW Points + Double Point

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SW Points finds highs and lows by comparing price extremes with neighbouring bars. They are reference points for chart structure: where price stopped, where a new section began and whether lows are rising or highs falling. Double Point compares two successive qualifying points and separately marks subsequent confirmation. These numbers are not Sequential counts.

SW Points + Double Point — An original illustration in the midnight-blue theme. Prices and marks come from an actual historical calculation; numbered circles are guide annotations only.

Reading the illustration

1 — the number shows a low’s confirmed level. 2 — D marks the second point in a qualifying pair. Green and pink triangles show separate later checking bars.

1–50

Point level: 1 to 50. First, a qualifying high or low must form between neighbouring bars. As history develops, the point can survive wider comparisons on both sides and its number grows. A larger number means a wider confirmed comparison, not a probability of profit. Small levels describe local fluctuations; large ones leave fewer reference points. A level beside an old point becomes known later than the point’s date.

D · Double Point

D: a qualifying pair. An upward Double requires the next qualifying low to be higher than the preceding low; a downward Double requires the next high to be lower. The comparison uses successive points reaching the chosen minimum Double level. D sits at the second point. It identifies the pair but does not by itself confirm continuation.

▲ · ▼

Triangles: the later check. ▲ appears when a new bar’s high strictly exceeds the high of the second low’s bar. ▼ appears when a new bar’s low strictly falls below the low of the second high’s bar. Equality does not qualify. The triangle sits on the checking bar, so it can be to the right of D. Several pairs confirmed on one bar produce one sign per direction.

Settings on the platform

For a cleaner view, raise the minimum displayed level: smaller points leave the screen but remain in calculation history. The separate minimum Double level changes which pairs qualify. Show Points only, Double only or both; D, triangles and directions have separate controls. Optional lines connect a pair or show its checking price; horizontal-line lengths use bars of the selected interval.

What to keep in mind

The full loaded history is used. The limit of 50 is a point’s level, not the number of points or history length. The website retains early and recent points, pairs and confirmations; they reappear when you pan back. High historical levels require later bars for confirmation. To study what was known on a particular date, use the confirmation date, not only the high or low’s date.

06

Separate panels below price

SW DeMarker I

↑

SW DeMarker I compares advances in highs with declines in lows. It shows which side of recent movement has been more active: upward progress or downward expansion. It uses positive changes in highs and lows over the chosen number of bars. The result appears in a separate panel on a 0–100 scale, with 50 at its centre.

Reading the illustration

1 — a section above 60. 2 — a section below 40. Compare each with price above: they describe the same history, not two independent charts.

Website defaults

Period, bars: 8
Lower boundary: 40
Upper boundary: 60
Highlight starts after consecutive bars: 16

How to read it

Above 60, advances in highs dominated the chosen window. Below 40, declines in lows were more prominent. Between 40 and 60 the imbalance is less pronounced. If price still rises while the line falls, the rise has not necessarily ended; the earlier activity is no longer strengthening in the same way. Check actual highs and lows, then time spent beyond the boundary.

A practical reading sequence

Read the line together with price directly above it: vertically aligned sections share the same dates. First locate the reading in the middle, above the upper boundary or below the lower one. Then see how long it stays there and whether it returns inside. A boundary crossing describes the move’s state, not a ready-made trade.

Settings on the platform

The period sets the number of bars used in the comparison. A short period changes the line faster and shows more brief fluctuations; a long one covers a longer section. Period and SW Duration counts can range from 1 to 250. Upper and lower boundaries are separate settings. Press Apply after editing; By the book restores the field’s adopted defaults.

SW Duration

SW Duration answers a different question: how long the line stays continuously beyond one boundary. A brief excursion and an extended stay are different states. Returning inside resets the count. Changing Duration alters highlighting, not the line itself. A detailed example appears in its own chapter below.

What to keep in mind

A gap means no valid value was available, for example because early history or required data was insufficient. It is not zero or a separate signal. If the view is compressed, zoom in or raise the panel height. Untick the tool to hide its panel; adjust its height on the left or by dragging its lower edge.

07

Separate panels below price

SW DeMarker II

↑

SW DeMarker II assesses upward and downward pressure using more of each bar’s prices. Unlike DeMarker I, it includes the previous close and the current close’s position within the bar. The two versions need not trace the same shape: a high with a weak close provides different context from a high with a close near the top.

Reading the illustration

1 — dominance above 60; 2 — a reading below 40. Only version II is shown; its line differs from DeMarker I over the same dates.

Website defaults

Period, bars: 8
Lower boundary: 40
Upper boundary: 60
Highlight starts after consecutive bars: 16

How to read it

The 0–100 scale and initial 40/60 boundaries make side dominance easy to read, as in version I. Identical boundaries do not make the methods identical. Compare them on the same symbol and interval: where they agree, and where one returns inside while the other stays outside. A difference helps identify changed price behaviour; it does not itself confirm reversal.

A practical reading sequence

Read the line together with price directly above it: vertically aligned sections share the same dates. First locate the reading in the middle, above the upper boundary or below the lower one. Then see how long it stays there and whether it returns inside. A boundary crossing describes the move’s state, not a ready-made trade.

Settings on the platform

The period sets the number of bars used in the comparison. A short period changes the line faster and shows more brief fluctuations; a long one covers a longer section. Period and SW Duration counts can range from 1 to 250. Upper and lower boundaries are separate settings. Press Apply after editing; By the book restores the field’s adopted defaults.

SW Duration

SW Duration answers a different question: how long the line stays continuously beyond one boundary. A brief excursion and an extended stay are different states. Returning inside resets the count. Changing Duration alters highlighting, not the line itself. A detailed example appears in its own chapter below.

What to keep in mind

A gap means no valid value was available, for example because early history or required data was insufficient. It is not zero or a separate signal. If the view is compressed, zoom in or raise the panel height. Untick the tool to hide its panel; adjust its height on the left or by dragging its lower edge.

08

Separate panels below price

SW ROC I

↑

SW ROC I shows how the current close compares with the close a chosen number of bars earlier. The neutral centre is 100, not 0 or 50. 100 means equal closes; 103 means the current close is 3% higher, 97 means 3% lower. It lets you observe the pace relative to a specific historical window, beyond the price chart’s shape.

Reading the illustration

1 — change above 102.5; 2 — below 97.5. The 100 line represents equality of current and reference closes.

Website defaults

Period, bars: 12
Lower boundary: 97.5
Upper boundary: 102.5
Highlight starts after consecutive bars: 16

How to read it

Initial boundaries of 102.5 and 97.5 mark a more pronounced change over the period. The line can fall while staying above 100: price remains above its reference, but the gap narrows. Crossing 100 changes the comparison’s sign, not necessarily the whole trend. Compare the reading with whether price itself makes new highs or lows.

A practical reading sequence

Read the line together with price directly above it: vertically aligned sections share the same dates. First locate the reading in the middle, above the upper boundary or below the lower one. Then see how long it stays there and whether it returns inside. A boundary crossing describes the move’s state, not a ready-made trade.

Settings on the platform

The period sets the number of bars used in the comparison. A short period changes the line faster and shows more brief fluctuations; a long one covers a longer section. Period and SW Duration counts can range from 1 to 250. Upper and lower boundaries are separate settings. Press Apply after editing; By the book restores the field’s adopted defaults.

SW Duration

SW Duration answers a different question: how long the line stays continuously beyond one boundary. A brief excursion and an extended stay are different states. Returning inside resets the count. Changing Duration alters highlighting, not the line itself. A detailed example appears in its own chapter below.

What to keep in mind

A gap means no valid value was available, for example because early history or required data was insufficient. It is not zero or a separate signal. If the view is compressed, zoom in or raise the panel height. Untick the tool to hide its panel; adjust its height on the left or by dragging its lower edge.

09

Separate panels below price

SW ROC II

↑

SW ROC II extends ROC I by changing the compared price according to the closing-price comparison. If the current close is higher, it compares highs; if lower, lows. Equal closes use neutral 100. This highlights changes in price extremes that the close-only comparison may show differently. The chart still displays one line.

Reading the illustration

1 and 2 mark excursions beyond the upper and lower boundaries. Compare the turns with ROC I on the same dates: the history is identical, but the price comparison differs.

Website defaults

Period, bars: 12
Lower boundary: 97.5
Upper boundary: 102.5
Highlight starts after consecutive bars: 16

How to read it

Default boundaries are also 97.5 and 102.5, but a version II reading is not always the percentage change of the close. The selected branch compares highs or lows. View I and II together with the same period: agreement gives a similar picture; disagreement calls for checking bar ranges and closes. An abrupt change in II can reflect a switch in the compared side.

A practical reading sequence

Read the line together with price directly above it: vertically aligned sections share the same dates. First locate the reading in the middle, above the upper boundary or below the lower one. Then see how long it stays there and whether it returns inside. A boundary crossing describes the move’s state, not a ready-made trade.

Settings on the platform

The period sets the number of bars used in the comparison. A short period changes the line faster and shows more brief fluctuations; a long one covers a longer section. Period and SW Duration counts can range from 1 to 250. Upper and lower boundaries are separate settings. Press Apply after editing; By the book restores the field’s adopted defaults.

SW Duration

SW Duration answers a different question: how long the line stays continuously beyond one boundary. A brief excursion and an extended stay are different states. Returning inside resets the count. Changing Duration alters highlighting, not the line itself. A detailed example appears in its own chapter below.

What to keep in mind

A gap means no valid value was available, for example because early history or required data was insufficient. It is not zero or a separate signal. If the view is compressed, zoom in or raise the panel height. Untick the tool to hide its panel; adjust its height on the left or by dragging its lower edge.

10

Separate panels below price

SW REI

↑

SW REI compares changes in highs and lows with their levels two bars earlier. Extra checks consider overlap with older price ranges, so unusual movements are not automatically treated as ordinary continuation. Its line ranges from −100 to +100, centred at 0. The website uses the adopted basic REI version without a separate set of entry arrows.

Reading the illustration

1 — the line above +45; 2 — below −45. This illustration shows the line alone; Duration highlighting has its own example.

Website defaults

Period, bars: 5
Lower boundary: -45
Upper boundary: 45
Highlight starts after consecutive bars: 6

How to read it

Above +45 reflects pronounced upward movement, below −45 downward movement in the comparison window. A brief excursion may accompany a local turning area; a long stay requires accounting for continued strength. Check Duration and return inside, not just the +45 or −45 reading. Assess subsequent direction from price itself, not the zone colour.

A practical reading sequence

Read the line together with price directly above it: vertically aligned sections share the same dates. First locate the reading in the middle, above the upper boundary or below the lower one. Then see how long it stays there and whether it returns inside. A boundary crossing describes the move’s state, not a ready-made trade.

Settings on the platform

The period sets the number of bars used in the comparison. A short period changes the line faster and shows more brief fluctuations; a long one covers a longer section. Period and SW Duration counts can range from 1 to 250. Upper and lower boundaries are separate settings. Press Apply after editing; By the book restores the field’s adopted defaults.

SW Duration

SW Duration answers a different question: how long the line stays continuously beyond one boundary. A brief excursion and an extended stay are different states. Returning inside resets the count. Changing Duration alters highlighting, not the line itself. A detailed example appears in its own chapter below.

What to keep in mind

A gap means no valid value was available, for example because early history or required data was insufficient. It is not zero or a separate signal. If the view is compressed, zoom in or raise the panel height. Untick the tool to hide its panel; adjust its height on the left or by dragging its lower edge.

11

Separate panels below price

SW Pressure

↑

SW Pressure estimates upward versus downward pressure from price behaviour within bars. It considers where the bar opened and closed, relative to its range. Price and volume mode additionally weights movement by volume. The 0–100 value describes this calculated balance, not an actual count of buyers and sellers at the exchange.

Reading the illustration

1 — pressure above 75; 2 — below 25. The sample uses Price mode and period 5; it is not a volume chart.

Website defaults

Period, bars: 5
Lower boundary: 25
Upper boundary: 75
Highlight starts after consecutive bars: 6

How to read it

50 is the balance of measured pressure. Above 75 and below 25 highlight a strong imbalance; 100 or 0 can occur when the window’s measured moves all favour one side. This does not mean the opposite side is absent from the market. Observe duration, return inside and price response after a strong imbalance.

What it shows

The two modes use different rules. Default Price mode uses the current range and previous close. Price and volume compares the bar’s internal move with its own range and volume. Missing required volume creates a gap, not an invented neutral value. Compare modes with the same period on a symbol that has volume data.

A practical reading sequence

Read the line together with price directly above it: vertically aligned sections share the same dates. First locate the reading in the middle, above the upper boundary or below the lower one. Then see how long it stays there and whether it returns inside. A boundary crossing describes the move’s state, not a ready-made trade.

Settings on the platform

The period sets the number of bars used in the comparison. A short period changes the line faster and shows more brief fluctuations; a long one covers a longer section. Period and SW Duration counts can range from 1 to 250. Upper and lower boundaries are separate settings. Press Apply after editing; By the book restores the field’s adopted defaults.

SW Duration

SW Duration answers a different question: how long the line stays continuously beyond one boundary. A brief excursion and an extended stay are different states. Returning inside resets the count. Changing Duration alters highlighting, not the line itself. A detailed example appears in its own chapter below.

What to keep in mind

A gap means no valid value was available, for example because early history or required data was insufficient. It is not zero or a separate signal. If the view is compressed, zoom in or raise the panel height. Untick the tool to hide its panel; adjust its height on the left or by dragging its lower edge.

12

Separate panels below price

SW Alignment

↑

SW Alignment combines five assessments: DeMarker I, DeMarker II, Pressure, REI and ROC I. It shows how closely their states agree at the same time. Each contributes +1 above its own upper boundary, −1 below its lower boundary and 0 inside. The total runs from −5 to +5. ROC II is not part of the five.

Reading the illustration

1 — +5, where all five assessments are above their boundaries; 2 — −5, where all are below. Zero does not mean price must stop moving.

−5 · 0 · +5

+5 means all five components are above their upper boundaries; −5 means all are below their lower ones. +3 and −3 show the net balance, not necessarily exactly three components on one side, because opposing states can offset. 0 can mean neutral readings or a mixture of opposites. It is neither a probability nor a direct forecast of direction.

Settings on the platform

Each Alignment component has its own period and boundaries. These settings are independent of separately displayed lines: hiding DeMarker I or editing its separate panel does not alter Alignment. There is no single shared period. Alignment has no added standalone Duration; study that in the component lines. If one component is unavailable, the total line has a gap.

Website defaults

Component defaults are DeMarker I: 13 bars, 40/60; DeMarker II: 8, 40/60; Pressure: 5, 18/82; REI: 5, −40/+40; ROC I: 12, 99/101. Pressure initially uses price mode. These belong to the combined panel and differ from some standalone line defaults.

A practical reading sequence

First see whether the total is near an extreme or the centre. Then inspect individual lines to determine whether agreement or offsetting states produced it. Maximum agreement draws attention to an area but does not mean immediate reversal. Compare it with current price structure and the duration of the strong move.

What to keep in mind

A gap means no valid value was available, for example because early history or required data was insufficient. It is not zero or a separate signal. If the view is compressed, zoom in or raise the panel height. Untick the tool to hide its panel; adjust its height on the left or by dragging its lower edge.

13

Volume and duration

Trading volume

↑

Volume is the ordinary amount traded during a bar, supplied with quotes. Columns below price show it: a taller column means more units of that instrument were traded. For shares it is the number of shares, not dollars. The panel compares activity across sections; it is not a separate DeMark calculation.

Trading volume — An original illustration in the midnight-blue theme. Prices and marks come from an actual historical calculation; numbered circles are guide annotations only.

Reading the illustration

1 — a tall volume column, aligned with the price bar for the same date. There is no smoothing, extra line or coloured buy/sell signal in this example.

How to read it

How to compare. Find a tall column and check the price bar above it: did movement expand, stall, or remain narrow despite heavy activity? A high volume alone does not say who prevailed or where price goes next. Compare within one symbol and interval; monthly volume naturally combines more days than daily volume.

Settings on the platform

Enable Show volume on the right. It can appear on a clean bar chart without other tools. Weekly and monthly bars sum daily volumes; missing data is not presented as a complete sum. Height is adjustable separately. The pale columns match the night theme and do not identify buying or selling.

What to keep in mind

Missing and zero are different. If the source supplies no volume, the panel reports unavailable data. A known zero remains zero. Some instrument types have no volume data; enabling the checkbox cannot create it.

14

Volume and duration

SW Duration

↑

SW Duration reads how long a state lasts; it is not another price line. It counts consecutive bars with the selected line strictly above the upper or below the lower boundary. The point is to distinguish a brief excursion from sustained strength. Colour highlighting shows when the chosen duration has actually accumulated.

Reading the illustration

1 — a brief REI excursion upwards; 2 — the start of a lower section; 3 — highlighting after six bars below −45. Earlier bars before the threshold stay unshaded.

How to read it

Counting and reset. REI and Pressure initially highlight from the sixth consecutive bar; DeMarker I/II and ROC I/II from the sixteenth. Returning inside, exactly touching the boundary, a missing value or changing sides ends the previous run. A first bar on a new side starts a new count. These are bars of the chart interval, not calendar days.

What it shows

Why duration matters. A long high or low reading can accompany sustained movement. Staying outside therefore does not necessarily mean an immediate return. Duration separates brief excursions from persistent strength. Returning inside is a new observation to compare with actual price behaviour.

Settings on the platform

Tick Highlight SW Duration in the chosen line’s settings. Each panel has its own threshold, changing when highlighting begins without smoothing or shifting the line. Earlier bars in an existing run are not recoloured retroactively. Alignment has no separate Duration; inspect its components instead.

A chart made for careful study.

A practical reading sequence

1 · Settings on the platform

3 · What it shows

2 · A practical reading sequence

9

13

P · 9-13-9 · Risk

How to read it

Settings on the platform

A practical reading sequence

What to keep in mind

9 · 13

Combo I · Combo II

How to read it

Settings on the platform

A practical reading sequence

What to keep in mind

0 · 1–5 · A–B–C

? · +

5 · ✓

Perl · DeMark

A practical reading sequence

1–50

D · Double Point

▲ · ▼

Settings on the platform

What to keep in mind

Website defaults

How to read it

A practical reading sequence

Settings on the platform

SW Duration

What to keep in mind

Website defaults

How to read it

A practical reading sequence

Settings on the platform

SW Duration

What to keep in mind

Website defaults

How to read it

A practical reading sequence

Settings on the platform

SW Duration

What to keep in mind

Website defaults

How to read it

A practical reading sequence

Settings on the platform

SW Duration

What to keep in mind

Website defaults

How to read it

A practical reading sequence

Settings on the platform

SW Duration

What to keep in mind

Website defaults

How to read it

What it shows

A practical reading sequence

Settings on the platform

SW Duration

What to keep in mind

−5 · 0 · +5

Settings on the platform

Website defaults

A practical reading sequence

What to keep in mind

How to read it

Settings on the platform

What to keep in mind

How to read it

What it shows

Settings on the platform

Origins and platform author

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